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Glossary results for "C"

cactus

a type of plant that is adapted to living in hot, dry environments

cadmium

a chemical element with the symbol Cd and atomic number 48

calcium

a mineral that is found in your bones and teeth

calendar

a system for dividing time into regular intervals, such as days, weeks, months, and years

calibrate

to make sure that a measuring tool is giving accurate readings

californium

a chemical element with the symbol Cf and atomic number 98

camouflage

a natural phenomenon that allows animals to blend in with their surroundings

canine

a type of tooth that is found in mammals

canned

means that something is stored in a can

capillary

a very small blood vessel

Capricorn

a constellation that is located in the southern sky

capsule

a small, hard container that holds medicine

carbohydrate

a type of food that your body uses for energy

carbon

an element that is found in all living things

carbon dioxide

a gas that is made up of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms

cardiac muscle

a special type of muscle that makes up the heart

caribou

large hoofed mammals that are found in the Arctic and subarctic regions

Carl Friedrich Gauss

a German mathematician and physicist who is considered to be one of the greatest mathematicians of all time

Carl Linnaeus

a Swedish botanist, zoologist, and physician

carnivore

an animal that eats meat

Caroline Herschel

a German astronomer who discovered eight comets

cast

a mold of something that has been made by pouring liquid into a mold and then letting it harden

cat

a small, furry mammal that is often kept as a pet

cataracts

a clouding of the lens in the eye that makes it hard to see

caterpillar

the larval stage of a butterfly or moth

cavity

a hole in a tooth that is caused by decay

Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin

an English-American astronomer who was the first woman to earn a PhD in astronomy from Harvard University

celestial

often used to describe objects in space, such as stars, planets and moons

cell

the basic unit of life

cemetery

a place where the dead are buried

cerium

a chemical element with the symbol Ce and atomic number 58

cesium

a chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55

chalky soil

a type of soil that is rich in calcium carbonate

characteristic

a feature or quality that makes something what it is

Charles Darwin

a British naturalist, best known for his theory of evolution by natural selection

Charles Macintosh

a Scottish chemist and inventor best known for his invention of mackintosh, a type of waterproof fabric that is made from rubber and fabric

chemical

a substance that has a specific composition and properties

chemical change

a change in matter that results in the formation of new substances with different properties

chemical weathering

the breakdown of rocks and minerals through the action of chemicals

chemistry

the study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes

chick

a young bird that has just hatched from an egg

Chien-Shiung Wu

a Chinese-American physicist who made important contributions to the field of nuclear physics

child

a human being who is not yet an adult

childhood

the period of human development from birth to adolescence

chloride

an ion, which is a charged particle

chlorine

a chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17

chlorophyll

a green pigment found in plants and algae

Chris Nelson

a solar physicist who studies the Sun

chromium

a chemical element with the symbol Cr and atomic number 24

chronic

means "long-lasting"

chrysalis

the hard, protective covering that encloses a butterfly or moth pupa during metamorphosis

circuit

a path that electricity can flow through

circulate

to move around in a circle or a loop

circulatory system

a network of organs and vessels that transport blood throughout the body

class

a group of things that share common characteristics

classification key

a tool used to identify organisms by asking a series of questions about their characteristics

classify

to arrange things into categories or groups based on their shared characteristics

clay

a natural material that is made up of very fine grains of minerals

clay soil

a type of soil that is made up of very small particles, called clay minerals

climate

the average weather conditions in a place over a long period of time

climate change

a long-term change in the average weather patterns that have come to define Earth's local, regional and global climates

climatologist

a scientist who studies climate

closed electric circuit

a pathway that electricity can flow through without interruption

clothes

items of fabric or other materials that are worn on the body to protect it from the elements, to keep it warm, or for fashion

cluster

a group of things that are close together

coal

a solid, combustible black or brownish-black rock formed from the remains of plants that lived millions of years ago

coastal

near the sea or ocean

cobalt

a chemical element with the symbol Co and atomic number 27

cohesion

the force that holds molecules of a liquid together

coil

a long, flexible object that is wound in a spiral shape

cold

a subjective term that refers to a low temperature

cold-blooded

animals that cannot regulate their body temperature internally

collate

to put things together in order, especially pages of a book or document

colony

a group of people or animals that live together in a particular place, usually under the control of another group

colouring

the process of adding colour to something

column

a vertical structure that is supported by a base

combustion

a chemical reaction that occurs when a fuel combines with oxygen and releases energy in the form of heat and light

compact

to be closely packed together

compare

to find similarities and differences between two or more things

compass

a device that uses a magnetized needle to point north

complete circuit

a pathway that electricity can flow through without interruption

component

a part of something that is essential to its function

compress

to squeeze or press something together so that it takes up less space

concentration

the amount of a substance in a given volume

conclusion

the end of a piece of writing

condensation

the process by which water vapor in the air changes to liquid water

condition

a state of being or a set of circumstances

conduction

the transfer of heat energy through direct contact

conductor

a material that allows electricity to flow through it easily

cone

a three-dimensional shape with a circular base and a curved surface that tapers to a point

conifer

a tree that has cones and needle-like leaves

conservation area

a protected area of land or water set aside for the conservation of nature

conserve

means to use something wisely and sparingly so that it is not wasted

constellation

a group of stars that appear to form a pattern in the night sky

construction

the process of creating something by assembling materials

contact force

a force that is exerted between two objects that are in contact with each other

contaminate

to make something impure or polluted

contraction

the shortening of a muscle or other tissue

control

the ability to influence or direct the behavior of something or someone

control experiment

a scientific experiment in which all variables are kept constant except for the one being tested

control variable

a variable that is kept constant in an experiment so that the effects of other variables can be studied

cool

refers to something that is pleasant, refreshing, or calm

COP

stands for "Coefficient of Performance"

copernicium

a chemical element with the symbol Cn and atomic number 112

copper

a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29

coral reef

an underwater ecosystem characterised by reef-building corals

cord

a long, thin, flexible piece of material that is used to connect or secure things

correlate

means to have a relationship with something else

corrosion

the gradual destruction of a material by chemical or electrochemical reaction with its environment

cortex

the outer layer of the brain

cosmology

the study of the origin, evolution, and structure of the universe

cotton

a soft, white fibre that is used to make clothing, textiles, and other products

cranium

the part of the skull that encloses the brain

crop

a plant or plant product that is grown for food, feed, fiber, or other commercial purposes

crystals

a solid substance in which the atoms or molecules are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern

cube

a three-dimensional shape with six square faces

curium

a radioactive chemical element with the symbol Cm and atomic number 96

current

the flow of electric charge through a conductor

cuvette

a small, transparent container that is used to hold samples in laboratory experiments

cylinder

a three-dimensional shape with two parallel, circular bases and a curved surface that joins the bases