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Glossary results for "S"

safety

the state of being safe from harm or danger

Sagittarius

a group of stars that form the shape of an archer with a bow and arrow in the night sky

saline

a solution of salt in water

saliva

a clear, viscous fluid that is produced in the mouth

samarium

a chemical element with the symbol Sm and atomic number 62

sand

a granular material made up of small, loose particles of rock and minerals

sandstone

a sedimentary rock that is composed of sand-sized grains that are cemented together by minerals

sandy soil

a type of soil that is made up of mostly sand particles

Sarah Seager

a planetary scientist who has dedicated her career to studying exoplanets

saturate

a term used in chemistry to describe a solution that has dissolved as much solute as it can at a given temperature

Saturn

the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest planet in our solar system

Sau Lan Wu

a particle physicist who helped discover the J/psi meson

scale

a way of comparing the size of two or more things

science

a systematic study of the natural world

scientific diagram

drawings or representations of objects or processes that are used to communicate scientific information

scientist

a person who studies the natural world using the scientific method

Scorpio

a group of stars that form the shape of a scorpion in the night sky

seaborgium

a chemical element with the symbol Sg and atomic number 106

season

a period of time that is marked by different weather patterns

secrete

to produce and release a substance

sediment

a naturally occurring material that is made up of solid particles that are transported by water, wind, or ice

sedimentary rock

a type of rock that is formed from the accumulation of sediment

seed

a small, reproductive unit of a plant

seed dispersal

the process of moving seeds away from the parent plant

seedling

a young plant that has just germinated from a seed

seismology

the study of earthquakes and the waves that they generate

selenium

a chemical element with the symbol Se and atomic number 34

senses

the ways that we receive information from the world around us

sensitive

able to detect small changes

sensor

a device that detects a physical quantity and converts it into an electrical signal

separate

to keep things apart or distinct

September

the ninth month of the year in the Gregorian calendar

series circuit

a type of electrical circuit where the components are connected in a single line

serum

the clear liquid part of blood that remains after the blood cells and clotting factors have been removed

sewage

the waste water from homes, businesses, and industries

shadow

an area where light is blocked by an object

shelter

a structure that protects people from the elements, such as rain, snow, wind, and sun

shoulder

the part of the body that connects the arm to the trunk

sieve

a tool used to separate mixtures

sight

the ability to see

signal

a change in something that can be used to communicate information

sign language

a language that uses hand movements, facial expressions, and body language to communicate

silicon

a chemical element with the symbol Si and atomic number 14

silver

a chemical element with the symbol Ag and atomic number 47

similarities

the qualities or characteristics that two or more things have in common

sink

a basin that is used to collect and drain water

skeletal

related to the skeleton

skin

the outer covering of our body

skull

the hard, bony structure that protects the brain

slate

a fine-grained, metamorphic rock that is formed when mudstone is subjected to high pressure and heat

sleet

a type of precipitation that is made up of small, partially melted ice pellets

small intestine

a long, narrow tube that is part of the digestive system

smell

a relative term that means something is not as big as something else

smooth

has a surface that is free of bumps or roughness

soak

to let something sit in liquid for a long time

sodium

a chemical element with the symbol Na and atomic number 11

soft

something that is not hard

solar

related to the sun

solar panel

devices that convert sunlight into electricity

solid

materials that have a definite shape and volume

soluble

can be dissolved in a liquid

solute

a substance that is dissolved in a liquid

solution

a mixture of two or more substances that are evenly mixed together

solvent

a liquid that can dissolve other substances

sound

a form of energy that is transmitted by waves

sour

a taste that is often described as being sharp or tangy

Southern Hemisphere

the half of the Earth that is south of the equator

Space Shuttle

a reusable spacecraft that was used to carry people and cargo into space

species

a group of animals or plants that can breed with each other and produce fertile offspring

specimen

a single example of something

spectrum

a range of different colours

Spencer Silver

a chemist who worked for 3M in the 1960s

spine

the long, flexible bone that runs down the back of the body

spring

a device that stores energy when it is stretched or compressed

squash

to crush it or press flat

starch

a type of food that plants make

static

not moving

steel

a strong and durable metal that is made from iron and carbon

stem

the part of a plant that grows above the ground

Stephen Hawkin

a British theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author who achieved fame for his work on black holes and relativity

stigma

the part of a flower that receives pollen

stimulant

a substance that makes you feel more awake, alert, and energetic

stomach

a muscular organ in the abdomen that helps to digest food

stomata

tiny openings on the surface of leaves

stone

a naturally occurring, solid mass that is made up of one or more minerals

stratification

the separation of things into layers

streamlined

having a smooth, curved shape that helps an object move through air or water more easily

strength

the ability of an object to resist force without breaking or deforming

stretch

to make something longer or wider

strontium

a chemical element with the symbol Sr and atomic number 38

structure

the way that something is put together

sublimation

when a solid turns into a gas without melting first

submerge

to make something go under liquid

sugar

a sweet substance that is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

sulfur

a chemical element with the symbol S and atomic number 16

summer

one of the four seasons of the year

sun

a star

sunburn

a red, sore, or peeling skin that happens when your skin is exposed to too much sunlight

sundial

a device that tells the time by the position of the sun

surface

the outside of an object

surface runoff

water that flows over the ground after it rains or snows

surface tension

the force that acts on the surface of a liquid

survival

the ability to live and continue to exist

sustainable

can be used for a long time without running out

sweet

a basic taste that is perceived by taste receptors on the tongue

switch

a device that can be used to turn something on or off